Chapter Three

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Chapter Three

The Mosquito Vector

Vector-borne diseases account for more than 17% of all infectious diseases of humans, affecting more than 1 billion people and causing more than 1 million deaths annually, globally (CDC, 2016)7.

Distribution of these diseases is determined by a complex dynamic of environmental and social factors. Globalization of trade and travel, unplanned urbanization and environmental challenges such as climate change are having a significant impact on disease transmission in recent years. Some diseases, such as Zika, Dengue, Chikungunya and West Nile virus, are emerging in countries where they were previously unknown.

Mosquitoes are the best known disease vectors for mankind rendering them the deadliest animal family in the world. Not only are these pesky insects devastating to human health, they also affect companion animals and livestock, carrying parasites and viruses that spread disease in the hosts they infect.


7 http://www.cdc.gov/features/stopmosquitoes/ accessed October 16, 2016.